Lub hauv paus ntawm lub zog tshiab: Nyeem kev txhim kho thiab lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm cov roj teeb lithium

Cov roj teeb lithium yog ib hom roj teeb uas siv tau dua tshiab uas nws cov tshuaj tiv thaiv electrochemical yog raws li kev tsiv teb tsaws chaw ntawm cov lithium ions ntawm cov electrodes zoo thiab tsis zoo. Cov roj teeb lithium muaj qhov zoo ntawm lub zog ceev ceev, lub neej ntev thiab tus nqi tso tawm tus kheej qis, yog li lawv siv dav hauv ntau yam khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab tsheb fais fab.

Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ua haujlwm ntawm cov roj teeb lithium yog raws li kev tsiv teb tsaws chaw ntawm cov lithium ions ntawm cov electrodes zoo thiab tsis zoo. Thaum lub sijhawm them, cov lithium ions raug tso tawm ntawm cov khoom zoo (feem ntau yog cov oxide xws li lithium cobaltate), hla dhau cov electrolyte, thiab tom qab ntawd muab tso rau hauv cov khoom tsis zoo (feem ntau yog cov khoom carbon). Thaum lub sijhawm tso tawm, cov lithium ions raug cais tawm ntawm cov khoom tsis zoo thiab txav mus los ntawm cov electrolyte mus rau cov khoom zoo, tsim cov hluav taws xob thiab lub zog hluav taws xob, uas tsav cov khoom siv sab nraud kom ua haujlwm.

Cov hauv paus ntsiab lus ua haujlwm ntawm cov roj teeb lithium tuaj yeem ua kom yooj yim rau hauv cov kauj ruam hauv qab no:

1. Thaum lub sijhawm them, lub electrode tsis zoo ntawm lub roj teeb lithium yuav nqus cov electrons sab nraud. Yuav kom tsis txhob muaj hluav taws xob, lub electrode zoo yuav raug yuam kom tso cov electrons mus rau sab nraud, thiab cov lithium ions uas tau poob electrons yuav raug rub mus rau lub electrode tsis zoo thiab txav mus los ntawm electrolyte mus rau lub electrode tsis zoo. Ua li no, lub electrode tsis zoo rov ua kom cov electrons rov qab thiab khaws cov lithium ions.

2. Thaum tso tawm, cov electrons rov qab mus rau qhov electrode zoo los ntawm lub voj voog sab nraud, thiab cov lithium ions kuj raug tshem tawm ntawm cov khoom siv electrode tsis zoo, tso tawm lub zog hluav taws xob khaws cia hauv cov txheej txheem, thiab txav rov qab mus rau qhov electrode zoo los ntawm electrolyte, thiab cov electrons raug koom ua ke los koom nrog hauv kev txo qis kom rov qab kho cov qauv ntawm cov lithium compound.

3. Hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev them thiab tso tawm, qhov tseeb, nws yog cov txheej txheem ntawm lithium ions caum cov electrons, thaum lub sijhawm uas khaws cia thiab tso tawm lub zog hluav taws xob tau ua tiav.

Kev tsim cov roj teeb lithium tau dhau los ntawm ntau theem. Thaum ntxov xyoo 1970, cov roj teeb lithium hlau tau qhia thawj zaug, tab sis vim muaj kev ua haujlwm siab thiab teeb meem kev nyab xeeb ntawm lithium hlau, lawv qhov kev siv tau txwv. Tom qab ntawd, cov roj teeb lithium-ion tau dhau los ua cov thev naus laus zis tseem ceeb, uas siv cov khoom sib xyaw lithium uas tsis yog hlau ua cov khoom siv electrode zoo los daws qhov teeb meem kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov roj teeb lithium hlau. Xyoo 1990, cov roj teeb lithium polymer tau tshwm sim, siv cov polymer gels ua electrolytes, txhim kho kev nyab xeeb thiab lub zog ceev ntawm cov roj teeb. Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, cov thev naus laus zis roj teeb lithium tshiab xws li cov roj teeb lithium-sulfur thiab cov roj teeb lithium solid-state kuj tau tsim kho.

Tam sim no, cov roj teeb lithium-ion tseem yog cov roj teeb uas siv ntau tshaj plaws thiab laus tshaj plaws. Nws muaj lub zog ceev ceev, lub neej ntev thiab tus nqi tso tawm tus kheej qis, thiab siv dav hauv xov tooj ntawm tes, khoos phis tawj sau ntawv, tsheb fais fab thiab lwm yam teb. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov roj teeb lithium polymer kuj siv dav hauv cov teb xws li cov khoom siv nyias thiab lub teeb thiab lub mloog pob ntseg wireless, vim lawv lub zog ceev ceev thiab cov yam ntxwv tsim nyias.

Tuam Tshoj tau ua tiav kev vam meej zoo kawg nkaus hauv kev lag luam roj teeb lithium. Tuam Tshoj yog ib lub teb chaws tsim khoom thiab cov neeg siv roj teeb lithium loj tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb. Tuam Tshoj txoj kev lag luam roj teeb lithium tiav lawm, txij li kev yuav khoom siv raw mus rau kev tsim roj teeb muaj qee qhov ntsuas thiab lub zog ntawm kev siv tshuab. Tuam Tshoj cov tuam txhab roj teeb lithium tau ua tiav kev vam meej tseem ceeb hauv kev tshawb fawb thiab kev txhim kho thev naus laus zis, peev xwm tsim khoom thiab feem ntawm kev ua lag luam. Tsis tas li ntawd, tsoomfwv Suav kuj tau tshaj tawm ntau txoj cai txhawb nqa los txhawb kev txhim kho thiab kev tsim kho tshiab ntawm kev lag luam roj teeb lithium. Roj teeb Lithium tau dhau los ua kev daws teeb meem loj hauv cov chaw xws li cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab tsheb fais fab.